Symbolism and Recurring Motifs

From Ulysses by James Joyce
Recurring objects and ideas - the keys both men lack, Bloom's lucky potato, the throwaway flyer, metempsychosis, parallax - bind the day's wanderings.
Episodes 1 and 17

Stephen and Bloom are both 'keyless' - dispossessed sons returning to a home they cannot fully claim.

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Episode 8 (Lestrygonians) and throughout

'Throwaway' - the Elijah handbill Bloom tosses recurs as a horse-race winner, a Christ-Elijah motif, and a symbol of fate.

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Episode 4 (Calypso) and Episode 18

Metempsychosis ('met him pike hoses') threads the novel's reincarnation of Homer in Dublin.

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