Motif: Chains and Spiritual Bondage

From A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens
Marley's chain - and the chains of other spirits seen through Scrooge's window - visualize how worldly attachments imprison the soul.
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Marley's chain 'wound about him like a tail; and it was made of cash-boxes, keys, padlocks, ledgers, deeds, and heavy purses wrought in steel.'

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Stave 1

The phantoms outside the window, one chained to a safe, lamenting their inability to help a mother and child below.

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